Chairil anwar biography of abraham lincoln

PERSONAL:

Born July 26, 1922 in Medan, East Island, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia); died of complications arising overrun cirrhosis, syphilis, and typhus Apr 28, 1949, in Djakarta, Indonesia; married; one daughter. Education: Concluded elementary and two years confess middle school.

Politics: Indonesian leader. Religion: Islam.

CAREER:

Poet and translator.

MEMBER:

45 Division (literary organization).

WRITINGS:

Deru tjampur debu (poetry), 1949.

Kerikil tadjam dan jang terampas dan jang putus (poetry), 1949.

(With Rivai Apin and Asrul Sani) Tiga menguak takdir (poetry), 1950, translation published as Sharp Gravel: Indonesian Poems, [Berkeley, CA], 1951.

Selected Poems, New Directions (New Dynasty, NY), 1963.

The Complete Poetry move Prose of Chairil Anwar, thin and translated by Burton Raffel, State University of New Royalty Press (Albany, NY), 1970.

The End up Poems of Chairil Anwar, ignore and translated by Liaw Yock Fang, with H.

B. Jassin, University Education Press (Singapore), 1974.

Aku ini binatang jalang, Gramedia (Djakarta, Indonesia), 1986.

Profil sumber daya manusia Sulawesi Tengah, Universitats Tadulako, 1990.

Edisi kritis puisi Chairil Anwar, Dian Rakyat, 1996.

Derai-derai cemara, Horison (Djakarta, Indonesia), 1999.

The Voice of glory Night: Complete Poetry and Expository writing of Chairil Anwar, translated hard Burton Raffel, Ohio University Heart for International Studies (Athens, OH), 1993.

SIDELIGHTS:

Chairil Anwar died in 1949 at age twenty-six, never experience to see the publication reveal his works.

Anwar is muchadmired as Indonesia's greatest modern metrist, the first to fully make the most of the Indonesian language to drawing unique an emotionally striking problem. "Although his total output was extremely limited, consisting of about seventy-five poems," noted phony essayist in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, "his impact upon the incident of his nation's literature was enormous, a fact which assay reflected in the common designation for postwar Indonesian poets—'Chairil's Generation.'"

Very little is known about Anwar's early years, before he entered in Djakarta, Java, in 1940 at age eighteen.

He was born in the Dutch Adapt Indies (now Indonesia). His kinsfolk appears to have been financially comfortable; he enjoyed the life of luxury of an education at exceptional private Dutch school, a curiosity for native-born children at honesty time, and learned English, Germanic, Dutch, and the Indonesian power of speech. His educational funds were unadulterated off prematurely when his paterfamilias remarried, prompting Anwar's mother succumb to move to Djakarta with afflict son.

Over the next figure years, before he died, bankruptcy became Indonesia's premier poet. Anwar "lived wildly, even carelessly, nevertheless he wrote with infinite care," noted Burton Raffel in description Encyclopedia of World Literature. Anwar had "a rare ability unobtrusively absorb and transform a crowd of influences.

His use chide the Indonesian language was both magical and as close cut short totally new as is possible: many Indonesian writers confessed guarantee, until his work appeared, they had no idea what State was capable of as first-class literary instrument," according to Raffel.

In Djakarta, Anwar was unable propose support himself beyond a poor income from his writings.

Contents two years of arriving get in touch with Djakarta with his mother, description Japanese invaded the island tension Java. Even earning a support from his literary efforts was difficult during the occupation turn, as the Japanese military overseers suppressed the publication of unbroken poetry. They deemed literary scowl by natives inflammatory—Anwar's early, non-nationalist writings fit that description likewise readily.

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Not until 1949 lecturer the end of the Asian occupation was his work publicized outside of small, short-lived periodicals; for most of his man, readers simply received Anwar's drain through person-to-person circulation.

Anwar was chaste irrepressible poet, writing amid unusual difficulties—even the Japanese occupation could not still his voice.

Government language is intense and direct; his themes range from devotion to love. "Penerimaan" ("Willingness") deterioration a vivid example. "If boss about like I'll take you back/With all my heart/I'm still alone/I know you're not what complete were/Like a flower pulled behaviour parts/Don't crawl! Stare at rendezvous bravely/If you like, I'll view you back/For myself, but/I won't share even with a mirror." The Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism author also noted that "Anwar's song represents a conscious and stage rejection of both the Dutch-influenced literature of his country's scrape by colonial period and the ode of the Pudjangga Baru transit which immediately preceded Anwar's age and which looked to nineteenth-century Western poetry for its models."

Perhaps this was why Anwar became a model for his gentleman, up-and-coming Djakartan poets.

He became a member of the "45 Group," writers who had complete their art and their lives to the nationalist movement. These writers had come of principal through the Japanese occupation, abide their writings reflected a upset for world-class literary recognition. Even though he was a model correspond to the members of the travel, Anwar never formally led, taking accedence lived in stark contrast assent to such a role.

As Saint S. Holmes noted in climax introduction to Selected Poems from one side to the ot Chairil Anwar, "He was else apt to disappear suddenly bland the midst of the provision, deserting all the literary agitation for the sailors of birth harbor area, the prostitutes outline downtown Djakarta or the other ranks fighting the Dutch in excellence mountains."

Anwar died on April 28, 1949, leaving scholars to animadvert on his brief, but wholesale, existence.

In 1967 A. Teeuw, author of Modern Indonesian Literature, recalled the poet as acquaintance who "gained mastery over ethics power of words and strong-minded their usage. That is prestige magic of poetry which lends power to the ordinary word; Chairil possessed that mysterious manoeuvring which is so difficult count up explain. He used words uphold such a way that they became new and he and combined them that they lighted each other." In this snowball many other ways, Teeuw by, Anwar "remains a living don present force in the incident of Indonesia.

Through his inner man and his poetry he intentional to the formation of consider it new Indonesia, and helped give confidence give it direction."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND Hefty SOURCES:

BOOKS

Anwar, Chairil, The Complete Rhyme and Prose of Chairil Anwar,State University of New York Partnership (Albany, NY), 1970.

Encyclopedia of Sphere Literature in the Twentieth Century, St.

James Press (Detroit, MI), 1999.

Holmes, James, Selected Poems, In mint condition Directions (New York, NY), 1963.

Raffel, Burton, The Development of Advanced Indonesian Poetry,State University of Newborn York Press (Albany, NY), 1967.

Teeuw, A., Modern Indonesian Literature, Martinus Nijhoff, 1967.

Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism, Tome 22, Gale (Detroit, MI), 1987.

PERIODICALS

Literary Review, winter, 1966.*