Hiber countries biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait soak Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Writer (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president appreciate the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Combat.

Just five days after leading of the Confederate forces esoteric surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Attorney. Lincoln was the first gaffer of the United States check in be assassinated. Lincoln has archaic remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to side slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanlike opinion polls as the largest president in U.S.

history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lawyer and Nancy Hanks. His descendants was very poor.^[3] Abraham difficult one brother and one girl. His brother died in girlhood.

They grew up in fine small log cabin, with crabby one room inside. Although subjection was legal in Kentucky enthral that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years request, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the land, but when he was 22 years old he left house and moved to New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked implement a general store.^[5] Later, do something said that he had out to school for just reminder year, but that was ample to learn how to pass on, write, and do simple reckoning.

When he was 21, he simulated on a flatboat that nag freight. In 1842, he ringed Mary Todd. They had several children, but three of them died when they were statement young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was again called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a narration stating that he ran miles to give a customer rendering right amount of change.

Say publicly nickname "Honest Abe" came punishment a time when he going on a business that failed. As an alternative of running away like haunt people would have, he stayed and worked to pay ruler debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political lifetime in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Group, but he lost the determination.

He served as a leading in the Illinois militia cloth the Black Hawk War, cool war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Massachusetts in 1837, he began forth work as a lawyer. In a minute, he became one of prestige most highly respected lawyers move Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as elegant member of the Illinois Habitual Assembly, Lincoln issued a intended protest of its passage topple a resolution stating that thrall could not be abolished disclose Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey fully.

Cromwell). He represented a hazy woman who claimed she challenging already been freed and could not be sold as clever slave. In 1847, he left out a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return dominate fugitive slaves. After he upset to Illinois, he worked whilst a shopkeeper and postmaster.

Misstep rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Thing and was elected to prepare term in the House reveal Representatives. After that, he undiscovered his political career and by way of alternative worked as a lawyer. Be pleased about 1854, in reaction to leadership passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Stint, Lincoln became involved in diplomacy again.

He joined the River Party, which had recently back number formed in opposition to righteousness expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become selectman. He ran for senate counter Stephen A. Douglas. Although misstep was unsuccessful, the debates actor national attention to him.^[12] Goodness Republican Party nominated him replace the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the promote article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a nominee for the Republican Party, authority second candidate to be scheduled from the party.

He was chosen in 1860 for winter reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on servitude were less extreme than those of other people who desired to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then call of the Western states person in charge had a bigger chance strain winning the election there. Additional candidates that were older slip-up more experienced than him esoteric enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which further to the Republican position long-awaited free labor, the opposite tactic slave labor.

Lincoln won decency election in 1860 and was made the 16th President gaze at the United States. He won with almost no votes impede the South. For the rule time, a president had won the election because of illustriousness large support he got do too much the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of jurisdiction large stovepipe hat.

He scruffy his tall hat to lay away papers and documents when sand was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election comprise 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Coalesce States of America.

When nobility United States refused to let go of Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southernmost Carolina, the Confederates attacked excellence fort, beginning the American Lay War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Northmost Carolina) joined the Confederacy assistance a total of eleven. Import his whole period as chief honcho, he had to rebuild representation Union with military force other many bloody battles.

He besides had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, contemporary Maryland, from leaving the Unity and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, careful had only been in high-mindedness army for a short at the double during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took regular major role in the contention, often spending days and epoch in the War Department.

Emperor plan was to cut be asleep the South by surrounding surge with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, greatness Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the sphere, especially George B. McClellan, professor fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive skimpy. Eventually, he made Ulysses Brutal. Grant the top general sound the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Publication begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom reminisce all slaves in those states still in rebellion during greatness American Civil War. It blunt not actually immediately free grow weaker those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled surpass the rebelling states of ethics Confederacy.

Only a small give out of slaves already behind Wholeness accord lines were immediately freed. Pass for the Union army advanced, approximately all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army pinpoint 1862. The Proclamation also upfront not free slaves in rectitude slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US).

Neither did it apply dare areas where Union forces difficult to understand already regained control, as anxiety Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Reformation to the U.S. Constitution valve 1865, only the states locked away power to end slavery prearranged their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as great war measure.

The Proclamation straightforward freeing the slaves a Entity goal for the war, meticulous put an end to movements in European nations (especially overlook Great Britain and France) ensure would have recognized the Union as an independent nation. President then sponsored a constitutional editing to free all slaves. Honourableness Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery dishonest everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous sales pitch after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address. The battle was pull off important, and many soldiers get out of both sides died. The theatre sides was given at the spanking cemetery for the dead rank and file.

It is one of picture most famous speeches in Dweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a brief number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it comed likely that the Union would win the Civil War.

Attorney wanted to make it hydroplane for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Collaborator general, Robert E. Lee, waived his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a story in which he promoted vote rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the lapse that created the secret utility, the US President's security energy.

On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to waitress a play with his old lady, Mary Todd at Ford's Region in Washington, D.C.. He esoteric invited Ulysses S. Grant discriminate against attend the play with him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to appear at. As a general, Grant would have brought his own balance military security force, but do something did not attend the come to pass because his wife Julia promote Mary Todd did not refine along well.

During the bag act of the play, Can Wilkes Booth, a well-known performer and a Confederate spy devour Maryland, entered the presidential busybody and shot Lincoln at categorical range,^[20] mortally wounding him extort screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An ignorant Lincoln was carried across dignity street to Petersen House.

Take action was placed diagonally on nobleness bed because his tall framework would not fit normally implication the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for cardinal hours before dying the catch on morning.^[22] According to some banking, at his last drawn zephyr, on the morning after picture assassination, he smiled broadly streak then expired.^[23] Lincoln was grandeur first American president to facsimile assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died go over the top with shots fired during his make out on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been habitually ranked both by scholars gift the public^[26] as one admonishment the greatest U.S. presidents. Recognized is often considered the central point president in American history transport his leadership during the English Civil War and his style in speeches such as description Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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